Prescribed Time Time-varying Output Formation Tracking for Uncertain Heterogeneous Multi-agent Systems

The time-varying output formation tracking for the heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MAS) is investigated in this paper. First, a distributed observer is constructed for followers to estimate the states of the leader, which can ensure that the estimation error converges to the origin in the prescribed time. Then, the local formation controller is designed for each follower based on the estimation of the observer, under which, the formation errors converge to the origin in the prescribed time as well. That is, the settling time of the whole system can be predefined in advance. It's noted that not only the uncertainties in the state matrix but also the uncertainties in the input matrix are considered, which makes the problem more practical. Last, a simulation is performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach

The association between early-onset cardiac events caused by neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients and some novel autophagy-related polymorphisms in their genomic DNA: a real-world study

Abstract Background An increasing number of cancer patients die of cardiovascular diseases. The cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy is particularly important in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with limited therapeutic options. Cardiac autophagy is an important mechanism of cardiotoxicity. This research was aimed to investigate the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy in TNBC, screen the susceptible population, and determine the relationship between cardiotoxicity and autophagy-related polymorphisms. Methods From a total of 2450 stage I-III TNBC patients, 147 met the inclusion criteria and finally recruited. Electrocardiography (ECG) was performed before most chemotherapy cycles, and echocardiography (UCG) was performed according to clinical needs. All ECG and UCG records were re-interpreted by cardiologists at the National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer database, we selected 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to autophagy and genotyped the 147 TNBC patients. Paired-sample T tests, Chi squared tests, and logistic regression models were employed for the analysis. Results Only 46 (31.3%) patients had normal ECG records after every chemotherapy cycle. Among the 16 patients who underwent UCG, 2 (12.5%) had a reversible decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction. The use of anthracyclines and excessive alcohol consumption were risk factors of ECG abnormalities. With the continuation of chemotherapy, heart rate gradually increased. Anthracyclines were associated with QRS duration abnormalities (P = 0.043). After genotyping for 25 autophagy-related SNPs, we found that the G allele of autophagy-related 13 (ATG13) rs10838611 was significantly associated with ECG abnormalities (odds ratio = 2.258, 95% confidence interval = 1.318–3.869; P = 0.003). Conclusion ECG abnormalities caused by chemotherapy are common in the real world. Autophagy-related SNPs are associated with chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, thereby providing new evidence for autophagy as a cause of chemotherapy-induced cardiac damage

Table_1_Molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of ERBB2 gene fusions in 32,131 Chinese patients with solid tumors.xlsx

ERBB2 amplification is one of the most important and mature targets for HER2-targeted drug therapy. Somatic mutations of ERBB2 in the tyrosine kinase domain have been studied extensively, and play a role in response to anti-HER2 therapy among different cancer types. However, ERBB2 fusion has not been got attention and its relevance to HER2-targeted therapy is unclear. We comprehensively characterized ERBB2 fusions from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data between May 2018 and October 2021 in 32,131 various solid tumors. Among the tumors, 0.28% harbored ERBB2 fusions, which occurred more commonly in gastroesophageal junction cancer (3.12%; 3/96), breast cancer (1.89%; 8/422), urothelial carcinoma (1.72%; 1/58), and gastric cancer (1.60%; 23/1,437). Our population presented with a median age of 65 years (range 28 to 88 years), a high proportion of men (55 men vs 34 women; 61.80%). Among the patients with ERBB2 fusions, TP53 (82%), APC (18%), and CDK4 (15%) were the top3 co-mutant genes. What’s more, most patients with ERBB2 fusion also had ERBB2 amplification (75.28%; 67/89), which was similar to the data in the TCGA database (88.00%; 44/50). Furthermore, TCGA database shows that patients with ERBB2 fusions in pan-cancer had a worse prognosis than those without ERBB2 fusions, as well as in breast cancer. Besides, ERBB2 amplification combined with ERBB2 fusion had worse prognosis than those with only ERBB2 amplification. ERBB2 fusion may interfere the effect of anti-HER2-targeted antibody drugs and influence the prognosis of patients with ERBB2 amplification. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to confirm the results in the future.</p

DataSheet_1_Molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of ERBB2 gene fusions in 32,131 Chinese patients with solid tumors.docx

ERBB2 amplification is one of the most important and mature targets for HER2-targeted drug therapy. Somatic mutations of ERBB2 in the tyrosine kinase domain have been studied extensively, and play a role in response to anti-HER2 therapy among different cancer types. However, ERBB2 fusion has not been got attention and its relevance to HER2-targeted therapy is unclear. We comprehensively characterized ERBB2 fusions from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data between May 2018 and October 2021 in 32,131 various solid tumors. Among the tumors, 0.28% harbored ERBB2 fusions, which occurred more commonly in gastroesophageal junction cancer (3.12%; 3/96), breast cancer (1.89%; 8/422), urothelial carcinoma (1.72%; 1/58), and gastric cancer (1.60%; 23/1,437). Our population presented with a median age of 65 years (range 28 to 88 years), a high proportion of men (55 men vs 34 women; 61.80%). Among the patients with ERBB2 fusions, TP53 (82%), APC (18%), and CDK4 (15%) were the top3 co-mutant genes. What’s more, most patients with ERBB2 fusion also had ERBB2 amplification (75.28%; 67/89), which was similar to the data in the TCGA database (88.00%; 44/50). Furthermore, TCGA database shows that patients with ERBB2 fusions in pan-cancer had a worse prognosis than those without ERBB2 fusions, as well as in breast cancer. Besides, ERBB2 amplification combined with ERBB2 fusion had worse prognosis than those with only ERBB2 amplification. ERBB2 fusion may interfere the effect of anti-HER2-targeted antibody drugs and influence the prognosis of patients with ERBB2 amplification. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to confirm the results in the future.</p

Table_2_Molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of ERBB2 gene fusions in 32,131 Chinese patients with solid tumors.xlsx

ERBB2 amplification is one of the most important and mature targets for HER2-targeted drug therapy. Somatic mutations of ERBB2 in the tyrosine kinase domain have been studied extensively, and play a role in response to anti-HER2 therapy among different cancer types. However, ERBB2 fusion has not been got attention and its relevance to HER2-targeted therapy is unclear. We comprehensively characterized ERBB2 fusions from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data between May 2018 and October 2021 in 32,131 various solid tumors. Among the tumors, 0.28% harbored ERBB2 fusions, which occurred more commonly in gastroesophageal junction cancer (3.12%; 3/96), breast cancer (1.89%; 8/422), urothelial carcinoma (1.72%; 1/58), and gastric cancer (1.60%; 23/1,437). Our population presented with a median age of 65 years (range 28 to 88 years), a high proportion of men (55 men vs 34 women; 61.80%). Among the patients with ERBB2 fusions, TP53 (82%), APC (18%), and CDK4 (15%) were the top3 co-mutant genes. What’s more, most patients with ERBB2 fusion also had ERBB2 amplification (75.28%; 67/89), which was similar to the data in the TCGA database (88.00%; 44/50). Furthermore, TCGA database shows that patients with ERBB2 fusions in pan-cancer had a worse prognosis than those without ERBB2 fusions, as well as in breast cancer. Besides, ERBB2 amplification combined with ERBB2 fusion had worse prognosis than those with only ERBB2 amplification. ERBB2 fusion may interfere the effect of anti-HER2-targeted antibody drugs and influence the prognosis of patients with ERBB2 amplification. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to confirm the results in the future.</p

Composite biomedical foams for engineering bone tissue.

The regeneration of extended bone defects is a serious concern and the number of patients affected by bone diseases is ever increasing. The continuous progress in materials science and nanotechnology is providing novel approaches to developing new porous materials with structures that are able to mimic the morphological and mechanical features of bone, thus achieving improved assistance to the regenerative processes. This chapter provides an overview of the technologies that have recently been developed for use in manufacturing porous ceramics and composites for bone scaffolding, including the new biomorphic processes that, by transforming ligneous sources into hierarchically organized hydroxyapatite, may provide solutions to assist the regeneration of long segmental bones